January 2, 1851
Dear Johnston:
Your request for eighty dollars I do not think it best to comply with now. At the various times when I have helped you a little you have said to me, “We can get along very well now”; but in a very short time I find you in the same difficulty again. Now, this can only happen by some defect in your conduct. What that defect is, I think I know. You are not lazy, and still you are an idler. I doubt whether, since I saw you, you have done a good whole day’s work in any one day. You do not very much dislike to work, and still you do not work much merely because it does not seem to you that you could get much for it. This habit of uselessly wasting time is the whole difficulty; it is vastly important to you, and still more so to your children, that you should break the habit. It is more important to them, because they have longer to live, and can keep out of an idle habit before they are in it, easier than they can get out after they are in.
You are now in need of some money; and what I propose is, that you shall go to work, “tooth and nail,” for somebody who will give you money for it. Let father and your boys take charge of your things at home, prepare for a crop, and make the crop, and you go to work for the best money wages, or in discharge of any debt you owe, that you can get; and, to secure you a fair reward for your labor, I now promise you, that for every dollar you will, between this and the first of May, get for your own labor, either in money or as your own indebtedness, I will then give you one other dollar. By this, if you hire yourself at ten dollars a month, from me you will get ten more, making twenty dollars a month for your work. In this I do not mean you shall go off to St. Louis, or the lead mines, or the gold mines in California, but I mean for you to go at it for the best wages you can get close to home in Coles County. Now, if you will do this, you will be soon out of debt, and, what is better, you will have a habit that will keep you from getting in debt again. But, if I should now clear you out of debt, next year you would be just as deep in as ever. You say you would almost give your place in heaven for seventy or eighty dollars. Then you value your place in heaven very cheap, for I am sure you can, with the offer I make, get the seventy or eighty dollars for four or five months’ work. You say if I will furnish you the money you will deed me the land, and, if you don’t pay the money back, you will deliver possession. Nonsense! If you can’t now live with the land, how will you then live without it? You have always been kind to me, and I do not mean to be unkind to you. On the contrary, if you will but follow my advice, you will find it worth more than eighty times eighty dollars to you.
Affectionately your brother,
A. Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln to his brother in response of aplea for $80.
via Letters of Note
Source: Lincoln and His World: Volume 3
Schizophrenia, Homophobia, and Political Disagreement
Several days ago, I wrote about the viral video of Jane Svoboda, a mentally ill woman testifying against an anti-discrimination ordinance in Lincoln, Nebraska. I thought it was clear, the moment I saw the video, that the woman was mentally ill and not simply someone who was railing against homosexuality. And a lot of the bloggers who passed along the video focused on how crazy her screed seemed and how funny it was that she seemed so crazy.
In short, the video went viral because people thought it was funny, not because they were disturbed by the woman’s homophobia. Lots of people say homophobic things on video and those don’t go viral, but very few people say these sorts of things and in this manner.
And so I quoted the woman’s brother, who commented on how this incident said a lot about our society’s understanding of mental illness.
Of course, a number of people wrote comments that pointed out their disagreements with my assessment of the situation and, in doing so, they highlighted a crucial misunderstanding about mental illness and about how we talk about politics.
Food, Ethnicity and Cultural Identity
What I love about history is discovering subtle ways people resisted the imposition of imperial values, or somehow transform those values to reflect small pieces of their own culture. A great example of this can be found in religion.
Now a description on food and its relationship to ethnic identity from Jeffrey M. Pilcher, professor of history at the University of Minnesota discusses findings from his forthcoming book Planet Taco: A Global History of Mexican Food (Oxford University Press).
The Spanish conquistadors looked down on Native foods and tried to bring European foods with them. One of the reasons for this was religion. Corn was associated with Native deities, and wheat was the grain used for the holy Eucharist. These foods also had social connotations. In the 19th century, Native food was considered lower class and European food was considered elite, but here’s the catch: there was recognition that these Native foods were Mexican. So the patriots, the Mexican nationals, wanted to claim that they were really Mexican. So mole poblano, which is a turkey in this chili pepper sauce—very spicy—was considered somewhere in between [upper and lower class]. It was not associated with the Natives who were still alive; it was associated with the glories of the Aztecs. People who were of European ancestry claimed, “We are the descendants not of these lower-class Natives all around us, but of the Aztec emperors.” It gave them a political legitimacy.
Read more: http://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/Where-Did-the-Taco-Come-From.html#ixzz1v8WUwe2J
5 Countries Where Your Online Comments Could Land You in Jail
When you log onto Facebook, you might expect to hear from long-lost friends or to see pictures from the latest family reunion. Maybe you follow Amnesty on Facebook or Twitter, read and comment on this blog, or keep a blog yourself.
But when you log off at the end of the day, you probably don’t expect the police to come knocking on your door. For people in some countries, that’s exactly what can happen. A 2011 study by Freedom House examining 37 countries found that 23 of them had arrested a blogger or internet user for their online posts. These encroachments on internet freedom – regardless of laws – come at a time of explosive growth in the number of internet users worldwide. Governments are clearly terrified because they know that information is power.
Here we highlight five countries and cases (although there are many more than just 5!) where your online activity, no matter how peaceful, can land you in jail:
(Source: thinknoevil0)
Guantanamo Bay Turns 10
In commemoration of the 10th anniversary of the US’s detention center in Cuba here’s some fast facts (You can click on this link for the entire Al Jazeera (English) article and 25 minute video by presenter Anand Naidoo, and guests: Morris Davis, the former chief prosecutor for Guantanamo; James Carafano from the Heritage Foundation; and Ramzi Kassem, a lawyer who represents several current Guantanamo detainees.)
- A total of 779 prisoners have been held in Guantanamo since January 11, 2002
- About 600 have been released without charges, many after being detained for years
- Six detainees have been convicted by military commission
- Only one has been prosecuted in a US civilian court
- 171 detainees remain at Guantanamo
The detention center is still controversial, with vocal proponents of keeping it open and shutting it down.
If aliens decided to visit us then the outcome might be similar to when Europeans arrived in the Americas.
That did not turn out well for the Native Americans.
Stephen Hawking on intelligent life in the universe.
The physicist answered several questions on a radio show in honor of his 70th birthday.
Love, Heartache, and Connecting with a Man I Never Got to Meet
Amantes
Somos como son los que se aman.
Al desnudarnos descubrimos dos monstruosos
desconocidos que se estrechan a tientas,
cicatrices con que el rencoroso deseo
señala a los que sin descanso se aman:
el tedio, la sospecha que invencible nos ata
en su red, como en la falta dos dioses adúlteros.
Enamorados como dos locos,
dos astros sanguinarios, dos dinastías
que hambrientas se disputan un reino,
queremos ser justicia, nos acechamos feroces,
nos engañamos, nos inferimos las viles injurias
con que el cielo afrenta a los que se aman.
Sólo para que mil veces nos incendie
el abrazo que en el mundo son los que se aman
mil veces morimos cada día.
Canto XIII
La dulce tolvanera del silencioso otoño
va anegando tu imagen en su vaga humareda,
encendiendo en el tiempo la hoguera del olvido
para borrar la última ceniza de la ausencia.
Nadie sabrá que vivo para ti, que defiendo
contra las llamas trémulas tu desnudo recuerdo,
que lucho en el otoño de vientos desolados
y en sus ondas sombrías te reclaman mis sueños.
Nadie sabrá que fuiste mía bajo el otoño
de estrellas delirantes y crepúsculos vagos,
que llenaste mis labios con tu fuego de siempre,
que cayó mi tristeza sobre ti como un canto.
Porque nada resiste la invasión del olvido
cuando llega a mi alma su humareda de otoño.
Todo se va de mí, se fuga de mi vida,
tú también te me vas y permanezco solo.
—
Both by Jorge Gaitán Durán
He wrote these more than half a century ago. For the last several weeks I’ve been trying to put my feelings regarding my latest romantic adventure disaster into words. Despite never meeting him, my great-uncle managed to capture my sentiments, convey them beautifully, and give me some much needed solace.
For more of his writing go here, for more on his personal biography, click here.
More Defections in Syria
Four days after Mahmoud Souleiman Hajj Hamad publicly denied the claim made by the Syrian government that “terrorists” are responsible for the ongoing violence in the country, a senior military official in Hama and scores of his soldiers have gone public with their allegiance to the protesters.
Colonel Afeef Mahmoud Suleiman, who is from the air force logistics division, announced his defection live on Al Jazeera’s Arabic news channel on Saturday.
Suleiman said he and his men had taken on a new mission to keep protesters in Hama safe during demonstrations.
“We are from the army and we have defected because the government is killing civilian protesters. The Syrian army attacked Hama with heavy weapons, air raids and heavy fire from tanks,” Suleiman said.
The New York Times Lists Panama as the #1 Place to Visit in 2012
… in case the pictures from my previous wanderings in Panama didn’t whet your appetite.
Why Are Government Agencies So Frequently On The Wrong Side of History?
KING,
In view of your low grade… I will not dignify your name with either a Mr. or a Reverend or a Dr. And, your last name calls to mind only the type of King such as King Henry the VIII…
King, look into your heart. You know you are a complete fraud and a great liability to all of us Negroes. White people in this country have enough frauds of their own but I am sure they don’t have one at this time anywhere near your equal. You are no clergyman and you know it. I repeat you are a colossal fraud and an evil, vicious one at that. You could not believe in God… Clearly you don’t believe in any personal moral principles.
King, like all frauds your end is approaching. You could have been our greatest leader. You, even at an early age have turned out to be not a leader but a dissolute, abnormal moral imbecile. We will now have to depend on our older leaders like Wilkins, a man of character and thank God we have others like him. But you are done. Your “honorary” degrees, your Nobel Prize (what a grim farce) and other awards will not save you. King, I repeat you are done.
No person can overcome facts, not even a fraud like yourself… I repeat — no person can argue successfully against facts… Satan could not do more. What incredible evilness… King you are done.
The American public, the church organizations that have been helping — Protestant, Catholic and Jews will know you for what you are — an evil, abnormal beast. So will others who have backed you. You are done.
King, there is only one thing left for you to do. You know what it is. You have just 34 days in which to do it (this exact number has been selected for a specific reason, it has definite practical significant. You are done. There is but one way out for you. You better take it before your filthy, abnormal fraudulent self is bared to the nation.
——
This letter, sent anonymously to Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. in 1964 isn’t from a Klan member or a deranged lunatic, but rather by the FBI. Apparently starting in 1956 in response to Supreme Court rulings questioning the constitutionality of the Smith Act Prosecutions and challenging the institutionally based communist witch-hunts, (also known as the House Committee on Un-American Activities and the Senate’s Internal Security Subcommittee led by McCarthy) the FBI created COINTELPRO
a program designed to “neutralize” those who could no longer be prosecuted. Over the years, similar programs were created to neutralize civil rights, anti-war, and many other groups, many of which were said to be “communist front organizations.”
Via Letters of Note where you can see an image of the actual letter transcribed here
America and its Western allies have aligned themselves closely with Ethiopia’s government in the fight against radical Islamists in the Horn of Africa and in efforts to prevent a repeat of the 1984–1985 famine. Worthy as these goals are, we should not allow them to blind us to Prime Minister Meles Zenawi’s increasingly authoritarian bent—as exhibited by his regime’s 99.6 percent election victory in 2010 and most recently the decision to prosecute Eskinder as a terrorist, along with seven other dissidents.
We therefore call on Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and America’s Western allies to publicly repudiate Ethiopia’s efforts to use terrorism laws to silence political dissent. We also urge the US to ensure that our more than $6006 million in aid to Ethiopia is not used to foster repression.
William Easterly, Mark Hamrick, Aryeh Neier, Kenneth Roth, and Joel Simon in a letter appearing in the New York Review of Books later this month.
Via The Monkey Cage
Eskinder Nega is an Ethiopian journalist, held as a political prisoner by the Ethiopian government since his arrest on September 14th, 2011. He is being charged with terrorism charges punishable by death. 23 other defendants, including leaders of opposing the regime, are being charged with similar offenses. Nega had written an article criticizing the use of torture in Ethiopia before his arrest, and according to Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch he is at risk of being tortured himself. Five days before his arrest he was quoted as saying
“Freedom is partial to no race. Freedom has no religion. Freedom favors no ethnicity. Freedom discriminates not between rich and poor countries. Inevitably freedom will overwhelm Ethiopia.”
You can learn more about him, and what actions you can take to support him, here.
